<?php
/**
 * @package     FOF
 * @copyright   Copyright (c)2010-2019 Nicholas K. Dionysopoulos / Akeeba Ltd
 * @license     GNU GPL version 2 or later
 */

namespace FOF30\Database;

use JDatabaseDriver;
use SimpleXMLElement;
use Exception;

defined('_JEXEC') or die;

class Installer
{
	/** @var  JDatabaseDriver  The database connector object */
	private $db = null;

	/** @var  string  The directory where the XML schema files are stored */
	private $xmlDirectory = null;

	/** @var  string  Force a specific **absolute** file path for the XML schema file */
	private $forcedFile = null;

    /** @var array Internal cache for table list  */
    protected static $allTables = array();

	/**
	 * Public constructor
	 *
	 * @param   JDatabaseDriver  $db         The database driver we're going to use to install the tables
	 * @param   string           $directory  The directory holding the XML schema update files
	 *
	 * @param   array  $config  The configuration array
	 */
	public function __construct(JDatabaseDriver $db, $directory)
	{
		$this->db = $db;

		$this->xmlDirectory = $directory;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the directory where XML schema files are stored
	 *
	 * @param   string  $xmlDirectory
	 *
	 * @codeCoverageIgnore
	 */
	public function setXmlDirectory($xmlDirectory)
	{
		$this->xmlDirectory = $xmlDirectory;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the directory where XML schema files are stored
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @codeCoverageIgnore
	 */
	public function getXmlDirectory()
	{
		return $this->xmlDirectory;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the absolute path to the forced XML schema file
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @codeCoverageIgnore
	 */
	public function getForcedFile()
	{
		return $this->forcedFile;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the absolute path to an XML schema file which will be read no matter what. Set to a blank string to let the
	 * Installer class auto-detect your schema file based on your database type.
	 *
	 * @param  string  $forcedFile
	 *
	 * @codeCoverageIgnore
	 */
	public function setForcedFile($forcedFile)
	{
		$this->forcedFile = $forcedFile;
	}

    /**
     * Clears the internal table list cache
     *
     * @return  void
     */
    public function nukeCache()
    {
        static::$allTables = array();
    }

	/**
	 * Creates or updates the database schema
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @throws  Exception  When a database query fails and it doesn't have the canfail flag
	 */
	public function updateSchema()
	{
		// Get the schema XML file
		$xml = $this->findSchemaXml();

		if (empty($xml))
		{
			return;
		}

		// Make sure there are SQL commands in this file
		if (!$xml->sql)
		{
			return;
		}

		// Walk the sql > action tags to find all tables
		/** @var SimpleXMLElement $actions */
		$actions = $xml->sql->children();

		/**
		 * The meta/autocollation node defines if I should automatically apply the correct collation (utf8 or utf8mb4)
		 * to the database tables managed by the schema updater. When enabled (default) the queries are automatically
		 * converted to the correct collation (utf8mb4_unicode_ci or utf8_general_ci) depending on whether your Joomla!
		 * and MySQL server support Multibyte UTF-8 (UTF8MB4). Moreover, if UTF8MB4 is supported, all CREATE TABLE
		 * queries are analyzed and the tables referenced in them are auto-converted to the proper utf8mb4 collation.
		 */
		$autoCollationConversion = true;

		if ($xml->meta->autocollation)
		{
			$value = (string) $xml->meta->autocollation;
			$value = trim($value);
			$value = strtolower($value);

			$autoCollationConversion = in_array($value, array('true', '1', 'on', 'yes'));
		}

		$hasUtf8mb4Support = method_exists($this->db, 'hasUTF8mb4Support') && $this->db->hasUTF8mb4Support();
		$tablesToConvert = array();

		// If we have an uppercase db prefix we can expect CREATE TABLE fail because we cannot detect reliably
		// the existence of database tables. See https://github.com/joomla/joomla-cms/issues/10928#issuecomment-228549658
		$prefix = $this->db->getPrefix();
		$canFailCreateTable = preg_match('/[A-Z]/', $prefix);

		/** @var SimpleXMLElement $action */
		foreach ($actions as $action)
		{
			// Get the attributes
			$attributes = $action->attributes();

			// Get the table / view name
			$table = $attributes->table ? (string) $attributes->table : '';

			if (empty($table))
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Am I allowed to let this action fail?
			$canFailAction = $attributes->canfail ? $attributes->canfail : 0;

			// Evaluate conditions
			$shouldExecute = true;

			/** @var SimpleXMLElement $node */
			foreach ($action->children() as $node)
			{
				if ($node->getName() == 'condition')
				{
					// Get the operator
					$operator = $node->attributes()->operator ? (string)$node->attributes()->operator : 'and';
					$operator = empty($operator) ? 'and' : $operator;

					$condition = $this->conditionMet($table, $node);

					switch ($operator)
					{
						case 'not':
							$shouldExecute = $shouldExecute && !$condition;
							break;

						case 'or':
							$shouldExecute = $shouldExecute || $condition;
							break;

						case 'nor':
							$shouldExecute = !$shouldExecute && !$condition;
							break;

						case 'xor':
							$shouldExecute = ($shouldExecute xor $condition);
							break;

						case 'maybe':
							$shouldExecute = $condition ? true : $shouldExecute;
							break;

						default:
							$shouldExecute = $shouldExecute && $condition;
							break;
					}
				}

				// DO NOT USE BOOLEAN SHORT CIRCUIT EVALUATION!
				// if (!$shouldExecute) break;
			}

			// Do I have to only collect the tables from CREATE TABLE queries?
			$onlyCollectTables = !$shouldExecute && $autoCollationConversion && $hasUtf8mb4Support;

			// Make sure all conditions are met OR I have to collect tables from CREATE TABLE queries.
			if (!$shouldExecute && !$onlyCollectTables)
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Execute queries
			foreach ($action->children() as $node)
			{
				if ($node->getName() == 'query')
				{
					$query = (string) $node;

					if ($autoCollationConversion && $hasUtf8mb4Support)
					{
						$this->extractTablesToConvert($query, $tablesToConvert);
					}

					// If we're only collecting tables do not run the queries
					if ($onlyCollectTables)
					{
						continue;
					}

					$canFail = $node->attributes->canfail ? (string)$node->attributes->canfail : $canFailAction;

					if (is_string($canFail))
					{
						$canFail = strtoupper($canFail);
					}

					$canFail = (in_array($canFail, array(true, 1, 'YES', 'TRUE')));

					// Do I need to automatically convert the collation of all CREATE / ALTER queries?
					if ($autoCollationConversion)
					{
						if ($hasUtf8mb4Support)
						{
							// We have UTF8MB4 support. Convert all queries to UTF8MB4.
							$query = $this->convertUtf8QueryToUtf8mb4($query);
						}
						else
						{
							// We do not have UTF8MB4 support. Convert all queries to plain old UTF8.
							$query = $this->convertUtf8mb4QueryToUtf8($query);
						}
					}

					$this->db->setQuery($query);

					try
					{
						$this->db->execute();
					}
					catch (Exception $e)
					{
						// Special consideration for CREATE TABLE commands on uppercase prefix databases.
						if ($canFailCreateTable && stripos($query, 'CREATE TABLE') !== false)
						{
							$canFail = true;
						}

						// If we are not allowed to fail, throw back the exception we caught
						if (!$canFail)
						{
							throw $e;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// Auto-convert the collation of tables if we are told to do so, have utf8mb4 support and a list of tables.
		if ($autoCollationConversion && $hasUtf8mb4Support && !empty($tablesToConvert))
		{
			$this->convertTablesToUtf8mb4($tablesToConvert);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Uninstalls the database schema
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 */
	public function removeSchema()
	{
		// Get the schema XML file
		$xml = $this->findSchemaXml();

		if (empty($xml))
		{
			return;
		}

		// Make sure there are SQL commands in this file
		if (!$xml->sql)
		{
			return;
		}

		// Walk the sql > action tags to find all tables
		$tables = array();
		/** @var SimpleXMLElement $actions */
		$actions = $xml->sql->children();

		/** @var SimpleXMLElement $action */
		foreach ($actions as $action)
		{
			$attributes = $action->attributes();
			$tables[] = (string)$attributes->table;
		}

		// Simplify the tables list
		$tables = array_unique($tables);

		// Start dropping tables
		foreach ($tables as $table)
		{
			try
			{
				$this->db->dropTable($table);
			}
			catch (Exception $e)
			{
				// Do not fail if I can't drop the table
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Find an suitable schema XML file for this database type and return the SimpleXMLElement holding its information
	 *
	 * @return  null|SimpleXMLElement  Null if no suitable schema XML file is found
	 */
	protected function findSchemaXml()
	{
		$xml = null;

		// Do we have a forced file?
		if ($this->forcedFile)
		{
			$xml = $this->openAndVerify($this->forcedFile);

			if ($xml !== false)
			{
				return $xml;
			}
		}

		class_exists('\\JFolder') || \JLoader::import('joomla.filesystem.folder');

		// Get all XML files in the schema directory
		$xmlFiles = \JFolder::files($this->xmlDirectory, '\.xml$');

		if (empty($xmlFiles))
		{
			return $xml;
		}

		foreach ($xmlFiles as $baseName)
		{
			// Remove any accidental whitespace
			$baseName = trim($baseName);

			// Get the full path to the file
			$fileName = $this->xmlDirectory . '/' . $baseName;

			$xml = $this->openAndVerify($fileName);

			if ($xml !== false)
			{
				return $xml;
			}
		}

		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * Opens the schema XML file and return the SimpleXMLElement holding its information. If the file doesn't exist, it
	 * is not a schema file or it doesn't match our database driver we return boolean false.
	 *
	 * @return  false|SimpleXMLElement  False if it's not a suitable XML schema file
	 */
	protected function openAndVerify($fileName)
	{
		$driverType = $this->db->name;

		// Make sure the file exists
		if (!@file_exists($fileName))
		{
			return false;
		}

		// Make sure the file is a valid XML document
		try
		{
			$xml = new SimpleXMLElement($fileName, LIBXML_NONET, true);
		}
		catch (Exception $e)
		{
			$xml = null;

			return false;
		}

		// Make sure the file is an XML schema file
		if ($xml->getName() != 'schema')
		{
			$xml = null;

			return false;
		}

		if (!$xml->meta)
		{
			$xml = null;

			return false;
		}

		if (!$xml->meta->drivers)
		{
			$xml = null;

			return false;
		}

		/** @var SimpleXMLElement $drivers */
		$drivers = $xml->meta->drivers;

		foreach ($drivers->children() as $driverTypeTag)
		{
			$thisDriverType = (string)$driverTypeTag;

			if ($thisDriverType == $driverType)
			{
				return $xml;
			}
		}

		// Some custom database drivers use a non-standard $name variable. Let try a relaxed match.
		foreach ($drivers->children() as $driverTypeTag)
		{
			$thisDriverType = (string)$driverTypeTag;

			if (
				// e.g. $driverType = 'mysqlistupid', $thisDriverType = 'mysqli' => driver matched
				strpos($driverType, $thisDriverType) === 0
				// e.g. $driverType = 'stupidmysqli', $thisDriverType = 'mysqli' => driver matched
				|| (substr($driverType, -strlen($thisDriverType)) == $thisDriverType)
			)
			{
				return $xml;
			}
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if a condition is met
	 *
	 * @param   string            $table  The table we're operating on
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $node   The condition definition node
	 *
	 * @return  bool
	 */
	protected function conditionMet($table, SimpleXMLElement $node)
	{
		if (empty(static::$allTables))
		{
            static::$allTables = $this->db->getTableList();
		}

		// Does the table exist?
		$tableNormal = $this->db->replacePrefix($table);
		$tableExists = in_array($tableNormal, static::$allTables);

		// Initialise
		$condition = false;

		// Get the condition's attributes
		$attributes = $node->attributes();
		$type = $attributes->type ? $attributes->type : null;
		$value = $attributes->value ? (string) $attributes->value : null;

		switch ($type)
		{
			// Check if a table or column is missing
			case 'missing':
				$fieldName = (string)$value;

				if (empty($fieldName))
				{
					$condition = !$tableExists;
				}
				else
				{
					try
					{
						$tableColumns = $this->db->getTableColumns($tableNormal, true);
					}
					catch (\Exception $e)
					{
						$tableColumns = array();
					}

					$condition = !array_key_exists($fieldName, $tableColumns);
				}

				break;

			// Check if a column type matches the "coltype" attribute
			case 'type':
				try
				{
					$tableColumns = $this->db->getTableColumns($tableNormal, true);
				}
				catch (\Exception $e)
				{
					$tableColumns = array();
				}

				$condition = false;

				if (array_key_exists($value, $tableColumns))
				{
					$coltype = $attributes->coltype ? $attributes->coltype : null;

					if (!empty($coltype))
					{
						$coltype = strtolower($coltype);
						$currentType = is_string($tableColumns[$value]) ? $tableColumns[$value] : strtolower($tableColumns[$value]->Type);

						$condition = ($coltype == $currentType);
					}
				}

				break;

			// Check if a (named) index exists on the table. Currently only supported on MySQL.
			case 'index':
				$indexName = (string) $value;
				$condition = true;

				if (!empty($indexName))
				{
					$indexName = str_replace('#__', $this->db->getPrefix(), $indexName);
					$condition = $this->hasIndex($tableNormal, $indexName);
				}

				break;

			// Check if a table or column needs to be upgraded to utf8mb4
			case 'utf8mb4upgrade':
				$condition = false;

				// Check if the driver and the database connection have UTF8MB4 support
				if (method_exists($this->db, 'hasUTF8mb4Support') && $this->db->hasUTF8mb4Support())
				{
					$fieldName = (string)$value;

					if (empty($fieldName))
					{
						$collation = $this->getTableCollation($tableNormal);
					}
					else
					{
						$collation = $this->getColumnCollation($tableNormal, $fieldName);
					}

					$parts    = explode('_', $collation, 3);
					$encoding = empty($parts[0]) ? '' : strtolower($parts[0]);

					$condition = $encoding != 'utf8mb4';
				}

				break;

			// Check if the result of a query matches our expectation
			case 'equals':
				$query = (string)$node;
				$this->db->setQuery($query);

				try
				{
					$result = $this->db->loadResult();
					$condition = ($result == $value);
				}
				catch (Exception $e)
				{
					return false;
				}

				break;

			// Always returns true
			case 'true':
				return true;
				break;

			default:
				return false;
				break;
		}

		return $condition;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the collation of a table. Uses an internal cache for efficiency.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $tableName  The name of the table
	 *
	 * @return  string  The collation, e.g. "utf8_general_ci"
	 */
	private function getTableCollation($tableName)
	{
		static $cache = array();

		$tableName = $this->db->replacePrefix($tableName);

		if (!isset($cache[$tableName]))
		{
			$cache[$tableName] = $this->realGetTableCollation($tableName);
		}

		return $cache[$tableName];
	}

	/**
	 * Get the collation of a table. This is the internal method used by getTableCollation.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $tableName  The name of the table
	 *
	 * @return  string  The collation, e.g. "utf8_general_ci"
	 */
	private function realGetTableCollation($tableName)
	{
		$utf8Support = method_exists($this->db, 'hasUTFSupport') && $this->db->hasUTFSupport();
		$utf8mb4Support = $utf8Support && method_exists($this->db, 'hasUTF8mb4Support') && $this->db->hasUTF8mb4Support();

		$collation = $utf8mb4Support ? 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci' : ($utf8Support ? 'utf_general_ci' : 'latin1_swedish_ci');

		$query = 'SHOW TABLE STATUS LIKE ' . $this->db->q($tableName);

		try
		{
			$row = $this->db->setQuery($query)->loadAssoc();
		}
		catch (\Exception $e)
		{
			return $collation;
		}

		if (empty($row))
		{
			return $collation;
		}

		if (!isset($row['Collation']))
		{
			return $collation;
		}

		if (empty($row['Collation']))
		{
			return $collation;
		}

		return $row['Collation'];
	}

	/**
	 * Get the collation of a column. Uses an internal cache for efficiency.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $tableName   The name of the table
	 * @param   string  $columnName  The name of the column
	 *
	 * @return  string  The collation, e.g. "utf8_general_ci"
	 */
	private function getColumnCollation($tableName, $columnName)
	{
		static $cache = array();

		$tableName = $this->db->replacePrefix($tableName);
		$columnName = $this->db->replacePrefix($columnName);

		if (!isset($cache[$tableName]))
		{
			$cache[$tableName] = array();
		}

		if (!isset($cache[$tableName][$columnName]))
		{
			$cache[$tableName][$columnName] = $this->realGetColumnCollation($tableName, $columnName);
		}

		return $cache[$tableName][$columnName];
	}

	/**
	 * Get the collation of a column. This is the internal method used by getColumnCollation.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $tableName   The name of the table
	 * @param   string  $columnName  The name of the column
	 *
	 * @return  string  The collation, e.g. "utf8_general_ci"
	 */
	private function realGetColumnCollation($tableName, $columnName)
	{
		$collation = $this->getTableCollation($tableName);

		$query = 'SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM ' . $this->db->qn($tableName) . ' LIKE ' . $this->db->q($columnName);

		try
		{
			$row = $this->db->setQuery($query)->loadAssoc();
		}
		catch (\Exception $e)
		{
			return $collation;
		}

		if (empty($row))
		{
			return $collation;
		}

		if (!isset($row['Collation']))
		{
			return $collation;
		}

		if (empty($row['Collation']))
		{
			return $collation;
		}

		return $row['Collation'];
	}

	/**
	 * Automatically downgrade a CREATE TABLE or ALTER TABLE query from utf8mb4 (UTF-8 Multibyte) to plain utf8.
	 *
	 * We use our own method so we can be site it works even on Joomla! 3.4 or earlier, where UTF8MB4 support is not
	 * implemented.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $query  The query to convert
	 *
	 * @return  string  The converted query
	 */
	private function convertUtf8mb4QueryToUtf8($query)
	{
		// If it's not an ALTER TABLE or CREATE TABLE command there's nothing to convert
		$beginningOfQuery = substr($query, 0, 12);
		$beginningOfQuery = strtoupper($beginningOfQuery);

		if (!in_array($beginningOfQuery, array('ALTER TABLE ', 'CREATE TABLE')))
		{
			return $query;
		}

		// Replace utf8mb4 with utf8
		$from = array(
			'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
			'utf8mb4_',
			'utf8mb4',
		);

		$to = array(
			'utf8_general_ci', // Yeah, we convert utf8mb4_unicode_ci to utf8_general_ci per Joomla!'s conventions
			'utf8_',
			'utf8',
		);

		return str_replace($from, $to, $query);
	}

	/**
	 * Automatically upgrade a CREATE TABLE or ALTER TABLE query from plain utf8 to utf8mb4 (UTF-8 Multibyte).
	 *
	 * @param   string  $query  The query to convert
	 *
	 * @return  string  The converted query
	 */
	private function convertUtf8QueryToUtf8mb4($query)
	{
		// If it's not an ALTER TABLE or CREATE TABLE command there's nothing to convert
		$beginningOfQuery = substr($query, 0, 12);
		$beginningOfQuery = strtoupper($beginningOfQuery);

		if (!in_array($beginningOfQuery, array('ALTER TABLE ', 'CREATE TABLE')))
		{
			return $query;
		}

		// Replace utf8 with utf8mb4
		$from = array(
			'utf8_general_ci',
			'utf8_',
			'utf8',
		);

		$to = array(
			'utf8mb4_unicode_ci', // Yeah, we convert utf8_general_ci to utf8mb4_unicode_ci per Joomla!'s conventions
			'utf8mb4_',
			'utf8mb4',
		);

		return str_replace($from, $to, $query);
	}

	/**
	 * Analyzes a query. If it's a CREATE TABLE query the table is added to the $tables array.
	 * 
	 * @param   string  $query   The query to analyze
	 * @param   string  $tables  The array where the name of the detected table is added
	 * 
	 * @return  void
	 */
	private function extractTablesToConvert($query, &$tables)
	{
		// Normalize the whitespace of the query
		$query = trim($query);
		$query = str_replace(array("\r\n", "\r", "\n"), ' ', $query);

		while (strstr($query, '  ') !== false)
		{
			$query = str_replace('  ', ' ', $query);
		}

		// Is it a create table query?
		$queryStart = substr($query, 0, 12);
		$queryStart = strtoupper($queryStart);

		if ($queryStart != 'CREATE TABLE')
		{
			return;
		}

		// Remove the CREATE TABLE keyword. Also, If there's an IF NOT EXISTS clause remove it.
		$query = substr($query, 12);
		$query = str_ireplace('IF NOT EXISTS', '', $query);
		$query = trim($query);

		// Make sure there is a space between the table name and its definition, denoted by an open parenthesis
		$query = str_replace('(', ' (', $query);

		// Now we should have the name of the table, a space and the rest of the query. Extract the table name.
		$parts = explode(' ', $query, 2);
		$tableName = $parts[0];

		/**
		 * The table name may be quoted. Since UTF8MB4 is only supported in MySQL, the table name can only be
		 * quoted with surrounding backticks. Therefore we can trim backquotes from the table name to unquote it!
		 **/
		$tableName = trim($tableName, '`');

		// Finally, add the table name to $tables if it doesn't already exist.
		if (!in_array($tableName, $tables))
		{
			$tables[] = $tableName;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Converts the collation of tables listed in $tablesToConvert to utf8mb4_unicode_ci
	 *
	 * @param   array  $tablesToConvert  The list of tables to convert
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 */
	private function convertTablesToUtf8mb4($tablesToConvert)
	{
		// Make sure the database driver REALLY has support for converting character sets
		if (!method_exists($this->db, 'getAlterTableCharacterSet'))
		{
			return;
		}

		asort($tablesToConvert);

		foreach ($tablesToConvert as $tableName)
		{
			$collation = $this->getTableCollation($tableName);

			$parts    = explode('_', $collation, 3);
			$encoding = empty($parts[0]) ? '' : strtolower($parts[0]);

			if ($encoding != 'utf8mb4')
			{
				$queries = $this->db->getAlterTableCharacterSet($tableName);

				try
				{
					foreach ($queries as $query)
					{
						$this->db->setQuery($query)->execute();
					}
				}
				catch (\Exception $e)
				{
					// We ignore failed conversions. Remember, you MUST change your indices MANUALLY.
				}
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Returns true if table $tableName has an index named $indexName or if it's impossible to retrieve index names for
	 * the table (not enough privileges, not a MySQL database, ...)
	 *
	 * @param   string  $tableName  The name of the table
	 * @param   string  $indexName  The name of the index
	 *
	 * @return  bool
	 */
	private function hasIndex($tableName, $indexName)
	{
		static $isMySQL = null;
		static $cache = array();

		if (is_null($isMySQL))
		{
			$driverType = $this->db->name;
			$driverType = strtolower($driverType);
			$isMySQL = true;

			if (
				!strpos($driverType, 'mysql') === 0
				&& !(substr($driverType, -5) == 'mysql')
				&& !(substr($driverType, -6) == 'mysqli')
			)
			{
				$isMySQL = false;
			}
		}

		// Not MySQL? Lie and return true.
		if (!$isMySQL)
		{
			return true;
		}

		if (!isset($cache[$tableName]))
		{
			$cache[$tableName] = array();
		}

		if (!isset($cache[$tableName][$indexName]))
		{
			$cache[$tableName][$indexName] = true;

			try
			{
				$indices          = array();
				$query            = 'SHOW INDEXES FROM ' . $this->db->qn($tableName);
				$indexDefinitions = $this->db->setQuery($query)->loadAssocList();

				if (!empty($indexDefinitions) && is_array($indexDefinitions))
				{
					foreach ($indexDefinitions as $def)
					{
						$indices[] = $def['Key_name'];
					}

					$indices = array_unique($indices);
				}

				$cache[$tableName][$indexName] = in_array($indexName, $indices);
			}
			catch (\Exception $e)
			{
				// Ignore errors
			}
		}

		return $cache[$tableName][$indexName];
	}
}
